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Abstraction (Java and C# Cross Reference Guide)

By Mike Prestwood

Java versus C#: A side by side comparison between Java and C#.

 
OOP Details
 

More object oriented (OO) stuff.

Abstraction

[Other Languages] 

General Info: Abstract Class / Abstract Member

An abstract class member is a member that is specified in a class but not implemented. Classes that inherit from the class will have to implement the abstract member. Abstract members are a technique for ensuring a common interface with descendant classes. An abstract class is a class you cannot instantiate. A pure abstract class is a class with only abstract members.

Languages Focus

Abstraction is supported at various levels with each language. A language could enforce abstraction at the class level (either enforcing a no-instantiation rule or a only abstract members rule), and with class members (member methods and/or properties).

Java:   abstract

Java supports marking a full class as abstract as well as class members. A subclass must either implement the abstract members or you must declare the subclass abstract (which delays the implementation to it's subclass).

Syntax Example:
public abstract class Dog {
  abstract void Bark();
}
C#:   abstract, override

C# supports abstract class members and abstract classes using the abstract modifier.

An abstract class is a class with one or more abstract members and you cannot instantiate an abstract class. However, you can have additional implemented methods and properties.

An abstract member is either a method (implicitly virtual), property, indexer, or event in an abstract class. You can add abstract members ONLY to abstract classes using the abstract keyword. Then you override it in a descendant class with Override.

Syntax Example:
abstract public class Cyborg : System.Object
{
  abstract public void Speak(string pMessage);
}
public class Series600 : Cyborg
{
  public override void Speak(string pMessage)  
  {
    MessageBox.Show(pMessage);  
  }
}












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